Abstract
The vine phenological development is closely related to the regional climatic specifics. Changes in temperature, precipitation, and other factors can significantly affect the course of individual phenophases. The red wine varieties Cabernet Dorsa and Cabernet Mitos, characterized by increased resistance to fungal diseases and low winter temperatures, have been selected for specific conditions of countries with a cool climate and a short growing season. The presence of valuable economic and technological qualities in these varieties justifies research related to their regenerative and reproductive performance under conditions of a long growing season and extreme temperatures. The phenological phases and their duration were monitored – bud burst, first leaf appearance, first inflorescence appearance, flowering, veraison, and the onset of technological ripeness. Climatic and soil indicators were recorded – average air temperature, relative atmospheric humidity and precipitation, soil humidity and temperature, while the total and active temperature sum for the onset of the main phases and the entire growing season was determined. The period from bud burst to technological ripeness lasted from 141 to 157 days, which is 30 to 50 days less than the most widely distributed local and introduced varieties. The active temperature sum required to reach technological ripeness is between 1655°C and 1831.1°C. Varieties have low thermal requirements and good adaptation to the climatic conditions of the semi-continental climate. The data would serve to determine suitable terroirs for growing these varieties, depending on the set agrotechnical and technological goals.
Keywords: PIWI, phenology, climate change, vegetation, terroir